以新发展理念引领高校专业基础课教学改革

以“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”为内核的新发展理念，是对马克思主义发展理念的继承和发扬，极具时代精神，富含问题意识，为高校思想政治教育发展、教育教学改革实践提供了强大的理论支撑。本文以“通信原理”为例，阐述了新发展理念在课程改革中的思路和方法，实现了思想政治教育与专业基础课程有机融合，为深化高校教学改革、创新人才培养模式提供了思路。     

建筑结构控制爆破拆除的力学分析与应用

应用运动学、动力学理论建立建(构)筑物控爆坍落过程的力学模型,进而研究在非定常约束条件下坍落结构的力学特征。首次提出了采用延时起爆技术时,非自由质点系及其广义坐标应是建立在每一段位上的瞬间虚位移。在此基础上,分析求解运动过程中时控单元的质点自由度,为精确选定爆破部位及时序提供了设计理论和计算依据。同时,结合振动理论,将控爆时差、结构载荷分布调制为振动系统,形成坍落结构梁板单元的强迫振动,充分实现在运动中进一步解体、破碎其自身结构,并形成具有明显缓冲效果的下落过程。应用实践结果证明力学分析是正确的,为工程结构爆破拆除计算机辅助设计及动态模拟技术的有效应用奠定了基础。     

基于音频特征的工程车辆工况识别研究

高效率地使用工程车辆是工程项目管理中节约成本的有效方法，无人监管环境下工程车辆的工况识别，是实现工程车辆高效率使用的有效手段。目前以GPS等技术为核心的车辆智能管理系统未对工程车辆进行工况识别，提出一种基于GRU循环神经网络的工程车辆工况识别方法，通过对工程车辆在不同工况下产生的音频信号进行分析，从中提取Mel倒谱系数作为主要特征，构建GRU循环神经网络模型进行训练和识别。实验结果表明，该方法可以实现对工程车辆工况的有效识别。     

Understanding the asymmetric perceptions of smartphone security from security feature perspective: A comparative study

Smartphones are being used and relied on by people more than ever before. The open connectivity brings with it great convenience and leads to a variety of risks that cannot be overlooked. Smartphone vendors, security policy designers, and security application providers have put a variety of practical efforts to secure smartphones, and researchers have conducted extensive research on threat sources, security techniques, and user security behaviors. Regrettably, smartphone users do not pay enough attention to mobile security, making many efforts futile. This study identifies this gap between technology affordance and user requirements, and attempts to investigate the asymmetric perceptions toward security features between developers and users, between users and users, as well as between different security features. These asymmetric perceptions include perceptions of quality, perceptions of importance, and perceptions of satisfaction. After scoping the range of smartphone security features, this study conducts an improved Kano-based method and exhaustively analyzes the 245 collected samples using correspondence analysis and importance satisfaction analysis. The 14 security features of the smartphone are divided into four Kano quality types and the perceived quality differences between developers and users are compared. Correspondence analysis is utilized to capture the relationship between the perceived importance of security features across different groups of respondents, and results of importance-satisfaction analysis provide the basis for the developmental path and resource reallocation strategy of security features. This article offers new insights for researchers as well as practitioners of smartphone security.     

磁性硅铁载铜吸附Hg0动力学机制及密度泛函研究

采用粉末冶金法将纳米单质铜(Cu⁰)、硅铁(FeSi)、四氧化三铁硅涂层(Fe₃O₄@SiO₂)混合煅烧并制备出新型磁性硅铁载铜吸附剂MagFeSi-Cu⁰。实验研究不同烟气温度下MagFeSi-Cu⁰的汞吸附能力基础上,结合颗粒内扩散模型、准二阶动力学模型、Elovich模型及Bangham模型分析了MagFeSi-Cu⁰吸附Hg⁰过程的主要控制步骤。在此基础上,依据密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了不同反应温度下FeSi表面Cu⁰原子与Hg⁰原子的汞齐作用机制。研究结果表明,Bangham模型的拟合值与MagFeSi-Cu⁰汞吸附实验值拟合度最高,MagFeSi-Cu⁰表面痕量Hg⁰吸附由汞的外扩散和表面铜汞齐吸附共同控制;通过密度泛函计算,发现Cu⁰颗粒表面Cu-Hg齐吸附能为-0.534 eV,当烟气温度从80℃上升至200℃时,Hg⁰原子与单质Cu原子的吸附自由能从-22.47 kJ/mol下降至-13.96 kJ/mol,这些结果为深入了解Hg⁰在Cu(111)表面的反应机理提供了理论基础。     

Cryptographic Lightweight Encryption Algorithm with Dimensionality Reduction in Edge Computing

Edge Computing is one of the radically evolving systems through generations as it is able to effectively meet the data saving standards of consumers, providers and the workers. Requisition for Edge Computing based items have been increasing tremendously. Apart from the advantages it holds, there remain lots of objections and restrictions, which hinders it from accomplishing the need of consumers all around the world. Some of the limitations are constraints on computing and hardware, functions and accessibility, remote administration and connectivity. There is also a backlog in security due to its inability to create a trust between devices involved in encryption and decryption. This is because security of data greatly depends upon faster encryption and decryption in order to transfer it. In addition, its devices are considerably exposed to side channel attacks, including Power Analysis attacks that are capable of overturning the process. Constrained space and the ability of it is one of the most challenging tasks. To prevail over from this issue we are proposing a Cryptographic Lightweight Encryption Algorithm with Dimensionality Reduction in Edge Computing. The t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding is one of the efficient dimensionality reduction technique that greatly decreases the size of the non-linear data. The three dimensional image data obtained from the system, which are connected with it, are dimensionally reduced, and then lightweight encryption algorithm is employed. Hence, the security backlog can be solved effectively using this method.     

基于归一化水体指数及其阈值自适应算法的水体遥感反演效果分析

归一化水体指数（NDWI）是水体遥感反演的一种重要指标，其阈值及修正直接影响反演结果的精度。基于Landsat-8与GF-1光学多光谱影像，使用归一化水体指数法阈值0（TH₀）、最大类间方差法（OTSU）自适应阈值（TH_otsu）与均值漂移聚类算法（Mean-Shift）自适应阈值（TH_MS）分别对典型正常水体、云雾覆盖水体、富营养化水体、高含泥沙水体进行水体遥感提取与效果分析，结果表明：正常水体以TH₀为阈值提取精度最高，THMS提取精度次之，TH_otsu提取精度最差；而云雾覆盖水体、富营养化水体以及含泥沙水体使用THMS提取精度最高，尤其少量云雾覆盖下的水体，TH_MS具有更明显的优势，TH₀提取精度次之，TH_otsu提取精度最差；对于不同的阈值，Land?sat-8比GF-1总体表现出更高的水体提取精度。Mean-Shift算法应用于NDWI阈值修正与水体遥感反演具有快速、水质适应性强、效果稳定的优势，对尤其是复杂条件下的水体信息遥感反演具有较好的提取效果。     

Extrinsic parameter's adjustment and potential implications in Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnosis

Malaria is a major public health concern, affecting over 3.2 billion people in 91 countries. The advent of digital microscopy and Machine learning with the aim of automating Plasmodium falciparum diagnosis extensively depends on the extracted image features. The color of the cells, plasma, and stained artifacts influence the topological, geometrical, and statistical parameters being used to extract image features. During microscopic image acquisition, custom adjustments to the condenser and color temperature controls often have an influence on the extracted statistical features. But, our human visual system sub-consciously adjusts the color and retains the originality in a different lighting environment. Despite the use of appropriate image preprocessing, findings from the literature indicate that statistical feature variations exist, allowing the risk of P. falciparum misinterpretation. In order to eliminate this pervasive variation, the current work focuses on preprocessing the extracted statistical features rather than the prepossessing of the source image. It begins with the augmentation of series images for a microscopic field by inducing illumination variations during the microscopic image acquisition stage. A set of such image series is analyzed using a Nonlinear Regression Model to generalize the relationship between microscopic images acquired with variable ambient brightness and a specific feature. The projection point of the centroid feature onto the brightness parameter is identified in the model and it is denoted as the optimum brightness factor (OBF). Using the model, the feature correction factor (CF) is calculated from the rate of change of feature values over the interval OBF, and the brightness of the test image is processed. The present work has investigated OBF for selected image textural features, namely Contrast, Homogeneity, Entropy, Energy, and Correlation individually from its co-occurrence matrices. For performance analysis, the best state-of-the-art method uses selected texture as a subset feature to evaluate the effectiveness of P. falciparum malaria classification. Then, the impact of proposed feature processing is evaluated on 274 blood smear images with and without Feature Correction (FC). As a result, the “p” value is less than .05, which leads to the result that it is highly significant and the classification accuracy and F-score of P. falciparum malaria are increased.     

改进RetinaFace的自然场景口罩佩戴检测算法

新型冠状病毒可以通过空气中的飞沫、气溶胶等载体进行传播，在公共场所下正确佩戴口罩可以有效地防止病毒的传播。提出了一种自然场景下人脸口罩佩戴检测方法，对RetinaFace算法进行了改进，增加了人脸口罩佩戴检测任务，优化了损失函数。在特征金字塔网络中引入了一种改进的自注意力机制，增强了特征图的表达能力。建立了包含3 000张图片的数据集，并进行手工标注，用于网络训练。实验结果表明该算法可以有效进行口罩佩戴检测，在自然场景视频中也取得了不错的检测效果。     

基于边缘和局部熵融合的视觉安全性评估方法

针对基于局部熵进行加密图像视觉安全性评估存在块效应的局限性，引入图像的边缘特征，通过共有边缘来衡量加密图像与原始图像的边缘相似度，消除了块效应。由于局部熵对加密等级低的图像不敏感，边缘相似度对加密等级高的图像不敏感，将两个评估方法进行自适应融合，提出[SLEES]（Local Entropy and Edge Similarity，[SLEES]）指标。通过改变图像像素位置和图像像素值的加密方式处理图像和视频帧进行测试，实验结果表明，[SLEES]指标相比传统评估指标有更好的鲁棒性，评估范围更广。